Kidney failure or kidney injury
A Condition of gradual loss of kidney function is termed chronic renal disease or chronic renal failure. The kidney aim to filter out waste and excessive fluid from or blood, and excreact them by urine. this function is disrupted in case of chronic kidney disease resulting in accumulation of the High level of fluid, electrolytes and Waste in the body.
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In early stage of cronic renal disease, a few sign and symptoms develop.
Chronic kidney disease may not become apparent until the kidney function is impaired.
Treatment for chronic renal disease involve showing the kidney damage by controlling the cause. It is a advance stage of chronic renal disease is fatal and reruires dailysis or kidney transplant.
Causes of kidney failure or chronic renal failure
In chronic renal disease, the kidney function is impaired and damaged to worsen over several months and years.
The causestive disease and condition are:
- Types 1 or type 2 diabetes
- hypertension ,
- Glomerular nephritis,
- Interstitial nephritis,
- Polycystic kidney disease,
- Prolonged obstruction of urinary tract,
- vesicoureteral reflux,
- Pyelonephritis ,
How to increase chronic kidney failure
It's crucial to consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice. To help manage chronic kidney failure, consider:
Medical Management: It is Follow your healthcare provider's advice, take prescribed medications, and attend regular check-ups.
Dietary Changes: It is Follow a kidney-friendly diet, low in salt, phosphorus, and sugar poly peptide, potassium. Your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian can provide specific guidelines.
Fluid Intake: Monitor your fluid intake. Your healthcare provider can advise on the right amount of fluids for your condition.
Lifestyle Changes: Quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and maintain a healthy weight. Regular exercise can also be beneficial, but consult your healthcare provider before starting any new exercise regimen.
Manage Underlying Conditions: Control conditions like diabetes and hypertension, which can worsen kidney function.
Avoid Nephrotoxic Substances: Certain medications and substances can harm the kidneys. Consult your healthcare provider before taking any new medications or supplements.
Manage Stress: Chronic stress can impact overall health, including kidney function. Practice stress-reducing activities like meditation, yoga, or hobbies you enjoy.
Dialysis or Transplant: In advanced stages, kidney failure might require dialysis or a kidney transplant. Discuss these options thoroughly with your healthcare team.
Sign and symptoms of kidney failure
A Chronic renal disease occur as a result of gradual kidney damage and include the following sign and symptoms ;
- Nausea and vomiting ,
- Appetite loss ,
- Fatigue,
- Sleeping problem ,
- Change in urination capacity ,
- Mental problem ,
- Muscles twitches and cramps
- Swelling of feet and ankles,
- Persistent itching,
- Chest pain and
- Shortness of breath,
- Hypertension
Complication of kidney failure
Fluid Retention: In the fluid retention ,Kidneys regulate fluid balance. When they fail, the body may retain excess fluids, leading to swelling in the legs, ankles, or face.
High Blood Pressure: High blood pressure is most cause of kidney failure, because Kidneys play a role in regulating blood pressure. Kidney failure can cause hypertension, which, if not controlled, can lead to further kidney damage and cardiovascular problems.
Electrolyte Imbalance: Kidneys help maintain the right balance of electrolytes in the body. Imbalances can lead to muscle cramps, irregular heartbeat, and other health issues.
Anemia: Kidney failure can decrease the production of erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production, leading to anemia and fatigue.
Bone Health Issues: Kidneys help in maintaining the balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body. Imbalances can lead to weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures.
Cardiovascular Disease: Kidney failure increases the risk of heart disease and can lead to heart attacks and other cardiovascular complications.
Uremia: This is a syndrome that occurs when kidney failure leads to the build-up of waste products in the blood. Symptoms can include nausea, loss of appetite, confusion, and even coma in severe cases.
Infections: Weakened immune function in kidney failure patients can make them more susceptible to infections, particularly urinary tract infections.
Neurological Issues: Kidney failure can impact the central nervous system, leading to symptoms like difficulty concentrating, memory problems, and seizures.
Pericarditis: Inflammation of the membrane around the heart (pericardium) can occur, causing chest pain and other symptoms.
Diagnosis of chronic renal failure
The doctor enquire about the patient 's personal and family history of kidney disease based on the resulting the doctor physically examination of patient check for sign of cardiovascular problems and also perform a neurological examination.
Some diagnosis for kidney disease
Blood test ; These test determine the level of the west product in the blood.
Urine test : These taste determine the abnormality in the case on chronic renal failure and also help identify the cause.
Imaging taste : ultrasound test enable the doctor of check the structure and size of kidney.
Kidney biopsy ; A simple of biopsied kidney is sent to a lab for analysis of causes of kidney problem.
Treatment of kidney failure
Kidney damage can be controlled by regulating blood pressure using angiotensin converting enzyme ( ACE) inhibition or Angiotensin Receptor blocker. The blood pressure should be maintain at or below 130 /80 mmHg.
Kidney can be protected and heart disease are stroke can be prevented by making certain and changes in lifestyle.
- Quite smoking
- eating low fat and cholesterol diet
- regular exercise
- taking medicine for lowering cholesterol level
- controlling blood sugar and
- avoiding to much salt or a potassium
Some other treatment are:
- Taking phosphate blinder for preventing high Phosphorus level
- Taking extra iron in diet, and iron pills , intravenous iron proteins and blood transfusion for testing anaemia and
- Taking extra calcium and vitamins D
Some dietary changes.
- Limiting fluid
- Limiting protein rich diet
- Limiting salt potassium, Phosphorus and other electrolytes
- Consuming calories to prevent weight lose.
Some vaccination
- Hepatitis A vaccine
- Hepatitis B vaccine
- Flu vaccine and
- Pneumonia vaccine ( PPV)
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